Albaloy: A plating finish comprised primarily of copper, tin and zinc which provides good electrical performance, but unlike silver, albaloy is highly resistant to tarnish. Being non-magnetic, it also provides excellent passive intermodulation (PIM) performance comparable to silver.

Albaloy： 主要由铜，锡和锌组成的电镀漆，具有良好的电气性能，但与银不同，albaloy具有很强的抗锈蚀性。它具有非磁性，还具有与银相当的出色的无源互调（PIM）性能。

Amplitude Balance: The maximum peak-to-peak amplitude difference (in dB) between the output ports of a power divider or hybrid coupler over the specified frequency range.

幅度平衡：功率分配器或混合耦合器输出端口在指定频率范围内的最大峰峰值幅度差（以dB为单位）。

Attenuation Accuracy: The amount of variation in magnitude from the nominal value across the entire frequency band.

衰减精度：整个频段内标称值的幅度变化量。

Attenuator: A passive device or network that absorbs part of the input signal and transmits the remainder with minimal distortion. Attenuators are used to extend the dynamic range of devices such as power meters and amplifiers, reduce signal levels to detectors, match circuits and are used daily in lab applications to aid in product design. Attenuators are also used to balance out transmission lines that otherwise would have unequal signal levels.

衰减器：一种无源设备或网络，可吸收部分输入信号并以最小失真传输剩余部分。衰减器用于扩展功率计和放大器等设备的动态范围，降低检测器的信号电平，匹配电路，并且每天在实验室应用中使用以辅助产品设计。衰减器还用于平衡传输线，否则传输线将具有不相等的信号电平。

Base Station: A fixed transmitter/receiver with which a mobile radio transceiver establishes a connection link to gain access to the public-switched telephone network.

基站：固定发射器/接收器，移动无线电收发器利用该发射器/接收器建立连接链路以获得对公共交换电话网络的访问。

Bias Tees: A passive device used in applications to inject/remove DC voltages in RF circuits without affecting the RF signal through the main transmission path. Ideal for remote powering of bi-directional amplifiers (BDAs), repeaters and tower top amplifiers (TTAs) by BTS control modules.

偏置三通：用于应用中的无源器件，用于注入/去除RF电路中的DC电压，而不会影响通过主传输路径的RF信号。适用于BTS控制模块远程供电双向放大器（BDAs），中继器和塔顶放大器（TTA）。

Circulator: A three-port ferromagnetic passive device used to control the direction of signal flow in an RF circuit.

循环器：一种三端口铁磁无源器件，用于控制射频电路中的信号流方向。

Coaxial: A transmission line in which one conductor completely surrounds the other, the two being coaxial and separated by a continuous dielectric such as air or PTFE.

同轴：一条传输线，其中一根导线完全包围另一根，两根同轴并由连续电介质如空气或PTFE隔开。

CW – (Continuous Wave): Signal of constant amplitude. Used to differentiate between the performance of a microwave component for continuous power level vs. pulsed signals.

CW - （连续波）：恒定振幅的信号。用于区分连续功率电平与脉冲信号的微波元件的性能。

dB – (Decibel): A unit of gain equal to ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of two power levels or 20 times the common logarithm of the ratio between two voltages.

dB - （Decibel）：增益单位，等于两个功率电平之比的常用对数的十倍，或两倍电压之比的常用对数的20倍。

dBc: Decibel related to the signal of a carrier. Passive intermodulation distortion is typically stated in dBc which takes into consideration the 43 dBm carrier tones.

dBc：与载波信号相关的分贝。无源互调失真通常以dBc表示，其考虑了43dBm载波音调。

dBm: Decibels related to 1mW – the standard unit of power level used in the microwave industry. Example: 0 dBm = 1mw, +10 dBm = 10mw, +20dBm = 100mw, etc.

dBm：与1mW相关的分贝 - 微波工业中使用的标准功率单位。示例：0 dBm = 1mw，+ 10 dBm = 10mw，+ 20dBm = 100mw等。

DC Block: An in-line device primarily used in applications to block DC voltages in RF circuits without affecting the RF signal through the main transmission path. The threebasic types are: Inner – Blocks DC voltages on inner conductor only; Outer – Blocks DC voltages on outer conductor only; Inner/Outer – Blocks DC voltages on both conductors.

DC Block：一种在线设备，主要用于阻止RF电路中的DC电压，而不会影响通过主传输路径的RF信号。三种基本类型是： 内部 - 仅阻止内部导体上的直流电压； 外部 - 仅阻止外导体上的直流电压； 内/外 - 阻止两个导体上的直流电压。

Directional Coupler: A passive device used for sampling incident and reflected microwave power conveniently and accurately with minimal disturbance to the transmission line. Some general applications for directional couplers include line monitoring, power measurements and load source isolators.

定向耦合器：一种无源器件，用于方便，准确地对入射和反射微波功率进行采样，对传输线的干扰最小。定向耦合器的一些一般应用包括线路监控，功率测量和负载源隔离器。

Directivity: A measurement of the desired signal strength to the undesired signal strength. Determined by taking the value of isolation and subtracting the specified coupling (including all variations). Directivity is a measure of how good the couplers performance is (similar to the Q factor of a coil).

方向性：对不需要的信号强度的所需信号强度的测量。通过取隔离值并减去指定的耦合（包括所有变化）来确定。方向性衡量耦合器性能的好坏程度（类似于线圈的Q因子）。

EMI – (Electromagnetic Interference): Unintentional interfering signals generated within or external to electronic equipment. Typical sources could be power line transients and electromechanical switching equipment.

EMI - （电磁干扰）：电子设备内部或外部产生的无意干扰信号。典型的信号源可能是电力线瞬变和机电开关设备。

Frequency Range: The minimum and maximum frequencies between which the specified component will meet all guaranteed specification. Frequency Sensitivity:The maximum peak-to-peak variation in coupling (in dB) of a directional or hybrid coupler over the specified frequency range. Also referred to as “flatness.”

频率范围：指定组件满足所有保证规格的最小和最大频率。 频率灵敏度：定向或混合耦合器在指定频率范围内的耦合（以dB为单位）的最大峰峰值变化。也称为“平坦度”。

GHz - (Gigahertz): A unit of frequency measure equal to 1000 MHz (Megahertz) or a billion hertz.

GHz - （千兆赫兹）：频率测量单位，等于1000 MHz（兆赫兹）或十亿赫兹。

Hybrid Coupler: A passive four-port device that is used either to equally split an input signal with a resultant 90° phase shift between output signals or to combine two signals while maintaining high isolation between them.

混合耦合器：一种无源四端口器件，用于在输出信号之间平均分配输入信号，产生90°相移，或组合两个信号，同时保持它们之间的高隔离度。

Impedance: Resistance to alternating current. Most RF and microwave systems are designed to operate with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

阻抗：抗交流电。大多数射频和微波系统设计为在50欧姆的特征阻抗下工作。

Input VSWR: Minimum voltage standing wave ratio of a power divider at the input (sum) port over the specified frequency range with all other ports terminated in 50 ohm loads.

输入VSWR：指定频率范围内输入（和）端口的功率分配器的最小电压驻波比，所有其他端口均以50欧姆负载端接。

Insertion Loss: The change in load power due to the insertion of a particular device into a transmission system.

插入损耗：由于特定设备插入传输系统而导致的负载功率变化。

Iridite: A chemical film (typically clear or yellow in color) which provides a barrier medium to prevent corrosion on aluminum surfaces and enhance adhesion of subsequent coatings such as paints and primers.

Iridite：化学薄膜（通常为透明或黄色），提供屏障介质，防止铝表面腐蚀，增强后续涂料（如油漆和底漆）的附着力。

Isolation: A unit of measure (in dB) that states the separation of signal levels on adjacent ports of a device. The greater the isolation value, less interference from a signal on one port is present at the other.

隔离： 一种度量单位（以dB为单位），表示设备相邻端口上信号电平的分离。隔离值越大，另一个端口上的信号对一个端口的干扰就越小。

Isolator:A two-port ferromagnetic passive device which is used to control the direction of signal flow and utilizes an internal resistor. Typically used to protect other RF components from excessive signal reflection.

隔离器： 双端口铁磁无源器件，用于控制信号流的方向，并使用内部电阻器。通常用于保护其他RF组件免受过度信号反射。

MHz - (Megahertz): A unit of frequency measure equal to 1000 kHz (Kilohertz) or a million hertz.

MHz - （兆赫兹）：频率测量单位，等于1000 kHz（千赫兹）或百万赫兹。

Microstrip – (Microstripline): A transmission line consisting of a metalized strip and solid ground plane metallization separated by a thin, solid dielectric. Microstrip is a popular material above 400 MHz and below 6 GHz because it permits accurate fabrication of transmission lines on ceramic or PC board substrates. Higher frequencies or broadband devices tend to favor stripline technology.

微带线 - （微带线）：由金属化带和固体接地平面金属化组成的传输线，由薄的固体电介质隔开。微带线是一种高于400 MHz且低于6 GHz的流行材料，因为它允许在陶瓷或PC板基板上精确制造传输线。更高频率或宽带设备倾向于支持带状线技术。

MTBF – (Mean Time Between Failure): The mean (average) time between failures of a component and is often attributed to the “useful life” of the materials used to assemble the device. MTBF assumes that the component can be “renewed” or fixed after each failure and returned to service immediately after failure.

MTBF - （平均故障间隔时间）：组件故障之间的平均（平均）时间，通常归因于用于组装设备的材料的“使用寿命”。MTBF假定组件可以在每次故障后“更新”或修复，并在故障后立即恢复服务。

Non-Coherent Signals: The limiting factor for most Wilkinson power dividers used as combiners is power dissipation. When input signals are out of phase, non-coherent or have amplitude unbalance this causes a cancellation across the isolation resistors resulting in power dissipation. Since these devices are most commonly used as dividers, typical industry designs utilize low power alumina surface mount resistor chips on a thermally insulative circuit board. However, maximum input for combining non-coherent signals on adjacent ports is: (Rated input power of divider * 5%) / “N” # of input channel. If the rated power is exceeded, the chip resistors will heat up and degrade resulting in loss of port-to-port isolation and VSWR.

非相干信号： 用作组合器的大多数Wilkinson功率分配器的限制因素是功耗。当输入信号异相，非相干或幅度不平衡时，这会导致隔离电阻上的消除，从而导致功耗。由于这些器件最常用作分隔器，典型的工业设计在绝热电路板上使用低功率氧化铝表面贴装电阻器芯片。但是，在相邻端口上组合非相干信号的最大输入是:(分频器的额定输入功率* 5％）/输入通道的“N”＃。如果超过额定功率，芯片电阻会升温并降级，导致端口到端口隔离和VSWR丢失。

Output VSWR: Minimum voltage standing wave ratio of a power divider at any output port over the specified frequency range with all other ports terminated in 50 ohm loads.

输出VSWR：在指定频率范围内任何输出端口的功率分配器的最小电压驻波比，所有其他端口均以50欧姆负载端接。

Passivation: The formation of an insulated layer directly over a metal to protect the surface from contaminants, moisture or particles.

通过：在金属上直接形成绝缘层，以保护表面免受污染物，水分或颗粒的影响。

Phase Balance: The maximum peak-to-peak phase difference (in degrees) between the output ports of a power divider over the specified frequency range.

相位平衡：功率分配器输出端口在指定频率范围内的最大峰峰值相位差（以度为单位）。

PIM (Passive Intermodulation): Passive Intermodulation (PIM) occurs when two or more signals are present in a passive device (cable, connector, coupler, etc.) that exhibits a nonlinear response. The nonlinearity is typically caused by dissimilar metals or dirty/loose interconnects. Nonlinearity is typically not troublesome at low input signal levels, but if PIM is generated from a high power transmitter path to an adjacent receiver channel, desensitization will occur. A common PIM specification is typically -110 dBc or greater.

PIM（无源互调）：当无源设备（电缆，连接器，耦合器等）中出现两个或多个信号时，会发生无源互调（PIM），该无源设备呈现出非线性响应。非线性通常由不同的金属或脏/松散的互连引起。在低输入信号电平下，非线性通常不会很麻烦，但如果从高功率发射器路径到相邻接收器信道产生PIM，则会发生灵敏度降低。常见的PIM规范通常为-110 dBc或更高。

Power (Average): The maximum amount of mean (average) power of a modulated/pulsed signal a given component can dissipate at ambient temperature without degradation in performance.

功率（平均值）：给定组件的调制/脉冲信号的最大平均功率（平均）可以在环境温度下消散而不会降低性能。

Power (Peak): Instantaneous power a given component can dissipate for a percentage of the duty cycle (typically 2%) without degradation in performance.

功率（峰值）：给定组件的瞬时功率可以占用占空比的百分比（通常为2％）而不会降低性能。

PTFE (PolyTetraFluoroEthylene): Used as an insulator in RF and microwave coaxial connectors because of its low & stable dielectric constant and loss factor over a wide temperature and frequency range.

PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）：用作射频和微波同轴连接器的绝缘体，因为它在很宽的温度和频率范围内具有低且稳定的介电常数和损耗因子。

Reactive Splitter: A broadband passive network that equally divides power applied to the input ports between any particular number of output ports without substantially affecting the phase relationship or causing distortion. Reactive splitters differ from Wilkinson power dividers as they provide no isolation between adjacent ports. Therefore, power entering any output of a reactive splitter will divide evenly between the adjacent and input ports.

无功分路器： 一种宽带无源网络，可在任何特定数量的输出端口之间均等地分配施加到输入端口的功率，而不会显着影响相位关系或导致失真。反应分路器与Wilkinson功率分配器不同，因为它们在相邻端口之间不提供隔离。因此，进入无功分路器的任何输出的功率将在相邻和输入端口之间均匀分配。

Return Loss: When expressed in dB is the ratio of reflected power to incident power. It is a measure of the amount of reflected power on a transmission line when it is terminated or connected to any passive or active device. Once it is measured, it can be converted by equation to reflection coefficient which can be converted to VSWR.

回波损耗：以dB表示的是反射功率与入射功率之比。它是终止或连接到任何无源或有源设备时传输线上反射功率量的量度。一旦被测量，它可以通过等式转换为反射系数，该反射系数可以转换为VSWR。

RF – (Radio Frequency): Generally referring to any frequency at which the radiation of electromagnetic energy is possible typically above 50 MHz. Above 1000 MHz and up is considered microwave.

RF - （射频）：通常指的是电磁能量辐射通常高于50 MHz的任何频率。1000 MHz以上以上被认为是微波炉。

RF Leakage: The amount of energy which “leaks” or radiates from a connector and/or device. Typically tested at one frequency and expressed in dB. Very large negative values indicate that the device does not radiate much energy.

RF泄漏：从连接器和/或设备“泄漏”或辐射的能量。通常在一个频率上测试并以dB表示。非常大的负值表示该设备不会辐射太多能量。

RoHS: (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive adopted by the European Union in February 2003 with the specified limits for the following elements in the manufacture of various types of electronic and electrical equipment: Lead (Pb) < 0.1%; Mercury (Hg) < 0.1%; Cadmium (Cd) < 0.01%; Hexavalent Chromium (CrVI) < 0.1%; Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB) < 0.1%; Polybrominated Diphenyl Esters (PBDE) < 0.1%.

RoHS :(有害物质限制）欧盟于2003年2月通过的指令，规定了制造各类电子电气设备的下列要素： 铅（Pb）<0.1％； 汞（Hg）<0.1％； 镉（Cd）<0.01％； 六价铬（CrVI）<0.1％； 多溴联苯（PBB）<0.1％； 多溴联苯酯（PBDE）<0.1％。

Stripline: A transmission line consisting of a conductor above or between extended conducting surfaces. Higher frequencies or broadband devices tend to favor stripline technology.

带状线：由延伸导电表面之上或之间的导体组成的传输线。更高频率或宽带设备倾向于支持带状线技术。

Termination (RF Loads): Used at the end of a transmission line designed to absorb RF power with very little reflection, effectively terminating the line or port in its characteristic impedance. Terminations are used in a wide variety of measment systems; any port of a multi-port microwave device that is not involved in the measurement should be terminated in its characteristic impedance in order to ensure an accurate measurement.

端接（RF负载）：在传输线末端使用，旨在以非常小的反射吸收RF功率，有效地终止线路或端口的特性阻抗。终端用于各种测量系统; 任何不参与测量的多端口微波器件的端口都应以其特征阻抗端接，以确保精确测量。

Temperature: The minimum and maximum ambient temperatures a given component can operate at and still meet all guaranteed specifications unless otherwise noted.

温度：除非另有说明，否则给定组件可在最低和最高环境温度下运行且仍满足所有保证规格。

Torque: Recommended mating torque for industry standard connectors: SMA - 7 to 10 in-lbs; Type-N – 12 to 15 in-lbs; TNC – 12 to 15 in-lbs; 7/16 DIN – 220 to 300 in-lbs.

扭矩： 工业标准连接器的推荐配合扭矩： SMA - 7到10英寸 - 磅； N型 - 12至15英寸 - 磅； TNC - 12至15英寸 - 磅； 7/16 DIN - 220至300 in-lbs。

Transmission Line: The conductive connections between circuit elements which carry signal power. Wire, coaxial cable, microstrip and stripline traces and waveguide are common examples.

传输线：承载信号功率的电路元件之间的导电连接。线，同轴电缆，微带和带状线迹线和波导是常见的例子。

VSWR – (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio): The ratio of the incident signal compared to the reflected signal in a transmission line. VSWR cannot be directly measured, so a return loss measurement (expressed in dB) is taken of reflected power to incident power. Once it is measured, it can be converted by equation to reflection coefficient which can be converted to VSWR.

VSWR - （电压驻波比）：入射信号与传输线中反射信号的比率。无法直接测量VSWR，因此对反射功率的入射功率进行回波损耗测量（以dB表示）。一旦被测量，它可以通过等式转换为反射系数，该反射系数可以转换为VSWR。

Wilkinson Power Divider: A passive device that equally splits an input signal to each output or combines signals to a common port. Wilkinson power divider differ from reactive splitters as the output ports are isolated, so signals entering one of the output ports will not interfere with signals on the adjacent port. The limiting factor for Wilkinson power dividers used as combiners is power dissipation. When input signals are out of phase, non-coherent or have amplitude unbalance this causes a cancellation across the isolation resistors resulting in power dissipation.

威尔金森功率分配器：一种无源器件，可将输入信号均分为每个输出或将信号组合到一个公共端口。Wilkinson功率分配器与无功分配器不同，因为输出端口是隔离的，因此进入其中一个输出端口的信号不会干扰相邻端口上的信号。用作组合器的Wilkinson功率分配器的限制因素是功耗。当输入信号异相，非相干或幅度不平衡时，这会导致隔离电阻上的消除，从而导致功耗。